FREE ESSAY ON LA COSA NOSTRA

LA COSA NOSTRA

La Cosa Nostra
Perhaps one of the most poignant moments in American cinema is the closing scene in the
film "The Godfather" when Don Vito Corleone's son Michael takes over his father's
position...
and one of the most unforgettable moments, a severed horses's head lies bloody in a man's
bed. It
is this tradition and brutality that characterizes the Mafia, a secret Sicilian society
that lives and
functions just as much today on American soil as it did and does still in Italy.
To understand this organized crime, one must begin to understand how it came to be
organized in the first place. During the medieval times in Sicily, Arabs invaded the land
and native
Sicilians fled and took refuge in the hills. Some of these refugees formed a secret
society that gave
protection to the people in exchange for money. This group took their name, "Mafia" based
on
the Arabic word for refuge. In America today, one can hear it also be called "La Cosa
Nostra", or
"This Thing of Ours." In the 1700s,Wealthy people would receive a card with a black hand
drawn
on and if they did not pay the money, they could expect murder, theft, and violence.
During the time Mussolini was ruling Italy, this secret society was under heavy
persecution
and many fled to the United States. "Don (term for the boss or head of a Mafia family)
Vito
Cascio Ferro fled to the United States in 1901 to escape arrest. He is known as the
Father of
American Mafia." (La Cosa Nostra) Many Italian immigrants came to the United States
through
Ellis Island in New York, which is today the most important center of organized Mafia
crime in the
United States. The new American Mafia came to power during the Prohibition by organizing
the
sale of outlawed alcohol, but after Prohibition was revoked, the Mafia needed a new
"racket." 
During the war, the Mafia got government issued ration stamps and sold them on the black
market. 
These days the Mafia is involved in running prostitution, unions, construction, and
gambling.
New York, also called the "City that never sleeps," houses the Five Families of New York.

These Families are highly influential and powerful crime families and each holds claim to
certain
"rackets." The Five Families are: Gambino, Bonano, Lucchese, Colombo, and Genovese.
While
all people in the Mafia are required to maintain certain silence about the workings of
the Family, a
code of silence called "Omerta," different families come to be known for different
things. The
Genovese family, for the most part, is low key, whereas the Gambino family is heard all
over the
town.
Carlo Gambino, the man who is the family namesake, never served a day of jailtime in his
life. He liked to keep low key, but many things are attributed to this family. Murder
Inc., an
infamous group of talented, for-hire hitmen, was started by Albert Anastasia, member of
the
Gambino family. While this was well publicized and talked about, perhaps the most
publicized
and talked about Mafia happening recently was the John Gotti case. John Gotti, Don of
the
Gambino family, was "ratted out" but one of his underlings, Sammy "The Bull" Gravano. 
Sammy, in return for this favor to the police, served only five years in jail for twenty
murders. 
However, this offense, breaking the "Omerta" is one of the worst possible things any
member of
the Mafia could ever do. As Michael Corleone says to his wife Kay, "Don't ask me about
my
business, Kay." (Godfather)
Everyone in the Mafia must learn many, many rules and live by all of them. Of most
importance is Omerta, as stated before, but many guidelines are set for way of life as
well. 
Members cannot show signs of weaknesses. Crying and wearing glasses are two such things.

Also, women are looked upon as inferior and a couple that is unable to produce sons is
frowned
upon. Since power is very influential in how this business is run, members must know
their place
because "someone always wants more, that's how wars start." (Anonymous)
Making reference to the movie "The Godfather" is highly practical as this movie, which
won the Academy Award for Best Picture, is highly accurate and professionally portrays
the
American Mafia. In this film, the Five Families "go to the mattresses" over power, money,
and
drugs. While wars like this do happen, they aren't very common and the last one took
place over
ten years ago. In this war there were not many casualties, but Families did lose
territory. 
This organized crime group is controlled by a hierarchy. At the very top of it all is
the
Don, or Boss. Right below him is his Underboss and Consigliere. The Consigliere is a
personal
advisor. Below them is the Caporegime, who are all in charge of manning certain areas;
the
unions, docks, or "running numbers" (laundering money). Next come the soldiers, men
responsible for enforcing the rules and collecting things due to the Family. These men,
the hitmen
and assassins, are often the ones that are stereotyped. Finally, at the bottom are
associates. 
Associates are not part of the Family, but they help when called in and are loyal to the
Family.
Loyalty is very important to the Mafia, as are respect and power. Its these three
things,
along with avarice, that unify all individuals in the Mafia. When asked what perks, if
any, there
were to being in the Mafia, it was summed up by, "helping people, saving Mom and Pop
businesses from going under. Respect if you play by the rules, and the money's good." 
(Anonymous) 
Mafia today is quite different from that of days before. Families have lost a lot of
power
and the chain of command, or hierarchy, is loose. Many of the older tradition Mafiosi are
trying
to uphold old ways, but they keep "getting whacked" by younger, new tradition Mafiosi,
sometimes known as "Young Turks." And any code of honor that once was glamorized in
Mario
Puzo's "Godfather" trilogy is gone.
While this paper focused little on the actual crimes involved in Mafia life, it brought
to the
reader a deeper understanding of the organization and motive behind these crimes. Since
starting
in Sicily, the group has changed from one of protection for honor and family, to one of
crime for
money, power, and family. Family, as you see, is still important today for Mafiosi in
America as it
was in Sicily. "Say what you will about me, but don't think it applies to my family."
(Godfather
II) The Mafia, a group of stylized criminals, exists as a hidden power in our world today
and shall
remain to do so into the new millenium by controlling underground markets and making this
world
an offer they can't refuse.
Bibliography
The Godfather. Dir. Francis Ford Coppola. Perf. Marlon Brando, Al Pacino, James Caan. 
Paramount, 1972.
The Godfather, Part II. Dir. Francis Ford Coppola. Perf. Al Pacino, Robert Duvall.
Paramount,
1974
"La Cosa Nostra." Online. World Wide Web. 4 June 1999. Available
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/Lobby/9880/index.html
La Vien, Douglas and Papa, Juliet . (1993) The Mafia Handbook. Penguin Books.
Machi, Mario. "Mario's Mafia Page." Online. World Wide Web. 4 June 1999. Available
http://www.naxs.com/people/mmachi/mafia
Malta, J. Geoff. "The Godfather Trilogy." Online. World Wide Web. 1 June 1999. Available

http://www.jgeoff.com/godfather.html
Wiseguy & Company, Inc. "Unofficial Homepage of the New York Mafia." Online. World
Wide Web. 4 June 1999. Available http://www.users.aol.com/whizkid01/index.html