FREE ESSAY ON CREATING HUMAN LIFE THROUGH GENETICS

CREATING HUMAN LIFE THROUGH GENETICS

Creating Human Life Through Genetics 
In today's world, people are learning a great deal in the rapidly growing and developing
fields of science and technology. Almost Each day, an individual can see or hear about
new discoveries and advances in these fields of study. One very common topic that has
been in the news and social talk of all people recently is what us human beings will be
able to do through the development of science and technology in the future. The most
heated and controversial of these topics that I notice is in the field of genetic testing
and engineering in humans. Many people have wondered about whether the manipulation of
human cells is somehow contrary to the laws of nature or religion especially in
childbirth. "Genetic testing and gene therapy are at the forefront of medicine's future,
according to experts in the field" (D'Allegro). 
There are many reasons why scientists want to learn more on the genetic make-up of
humans. Currently, about one-third of the human genetic code has been sequenced through a
federally funded effort known as the Human Genome Project, a study run by the National
Institute of Health's Genome Research Institute, to code the entire human genetic map.
Scientists are estimating that by 2003, the entire genetic code will be found and then
they will be able to test for a wide variety of common disorders. Some of the main
disorders the geneticists hope to cure are Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, muscular dystrophy,
and diabetes, and by doing the research, they also hope to stumble onto vaccines and
other cures for diseases.
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One main type of genetic research in humans is the ability to clone. Scientists first
have used this technique to clone body parts for people. This allows the scientists to
take the patient's own genetic make-up and grow a part that he or she may need that will
not be rejected by his or her own body. The next step the scientists have taken is in the
area of eugenics, which means, "good breeding." This technique is defined as, "the
science of improving the physical and mental qualities of human beings through genetics
and cloning." Scottish geneticists first demonstrated this practice in 1997 with a sheep
named Dolly that was produced from a cell of an adult female sheep. From this being the
foundation of the research, scientists are hoping that in the future they will be able to
better the human race genetically.
Even though there could be many advantages in the field of human genetics, there are many
ethical comments and questions raised by all types of people. The main point most
scientists try to make is that by performing eugenics, the human race would be unbalanced
(D'Allegro). They say that the genetic advances might be reserved only for the wealthy,
which then would separate the classes of people even more than they already are today
(D'Allegro). 
A second main point people raise on this issue is that by manipulating human genes,
scientists are playing the role of god. Many people say that human life cannot be
"intellectual property" (Fischer). Problems come when some scientists insist that the
research be conducted using materials cut from living human embryos (Fischer). When asked
why they perform this procedure, many say, "Because it's there" (Fischer). This 
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stirs up much controversy with people that think "creating" humans should be left as
god's job. 
After researching the main points and facts from both sides of the issue, I strongly feel
that human genetics is wrong. I agree with Mark Nicholls of the Movement Against the
Cloning of Humans, which he stated that, "This is a very dangerous science and soon we
may not even have control over our own DNA." I also think that individuals are special
because god made every person different, and that by creating a race of people who are
all equally talented defeats the purpose of god. 
While finding information on human genetics, I found a lot of facts that were never told
to the public. One of these intriguing facts had to do with the cloned sheep named Dolly.
It stated that members of the scientific team closely examined Dolly's chromosomes and
found that even though she was only three years old, her genetic make-up appeared to be
much older (Ramsay). This raised concerns that animals cloned would age faster and be
more susceptible to disease than animals from normal birth (Ramsay). 
Another interesting and alarming fact on genetics was that scientists are only inches
away from actually creating a whole human being. The first primate ever made was created
in Oregon in January of 2000, and scientists in South Korea created an embryo from the
cells of an adult woman, although they halted the embryo's growth before it divided
beyond four cells (Fischer). These issues are very scary to think about because the
scientists are playing around with a field in which they actually learn through trial and
error with living animals and people. 
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Many scientists look past the ethical issues in order to "help the economy of the future"
with their research (D'Allegro). They state that the genetic information found in an
individual could help insurers, employers, and the society by running background checks
on the person to insure they will be healthy further in the future (D'Allegro). Genetic
testing can also help prolong life by allowing medical providers to customize
individual's health care based on what diseases or conditions they are predisposed to
(D'Allegro). 
Even though genetic testing could help our economy, I strongly feel that the common
individual would be greatly affected by this. Many employers and insurance companies
would require a blood sample for testing and if the person doesn't have "super-human"
genes, they will probably be denied at most places (D'Allegro). To date, there are no
laws or regulations on the confidentiality of an individual's genetic information
(D'Allegro). With genetically engineered individuals running our economy, it would place
us common natural people in a second rate class no matter how hard we work. 
I am for scientific research however; I feel that this issue is not meant to be played
around with by us naive human beings. God creates everyone to be unique no matter how
different or odd some may seem. Our whole society today revolves around a mass cultural
diversity of people with different thoughts and feelings. Just because the technology is
there doesn't give the right for us to meddle in something that god has been doing since
man was created. We have the technology to destroy continents of people and even the
whole world with a push of a button however, that doesn't make it 
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ethical just because its there!
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WORKS CITED
D'Allegro, Joseph. "Genetics is the future of medicine." Dec. 20, 1999. 
http://firstsearch.oclc.org/FETCH:renco=8. 3/16/00.
Fischer, Joannie Schrof. "Copies upon copies A patent for human clones is just the 
next step." U.S. News and World Report. Feb. 7, 2000. 
http://proquest.umi.com/pqweb?TS=9532139. 3/16/00.
Ramsay, Sarah. "Embryo splitting produces primate clone." Lancett Ltd. 1/15/00.
http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?TS=9532143. 3/16/00.
Bibliography
An argumentative paper on the ethics of genetic testing